The muscles of the back can be divided into three groups – superficial, intermediate and deep: Superficial – associated with movements of the shoulder. Intermediate – associated with movements of the thoracic cage. Deep – associated with movements of the vertebral column. The deep muscles develop embryologically in the back, and are thus described as intrinsic muscles. The superficial and intermediate muscles do not develop in the back, and are classified as extrinsic muscles. This article is about the anatomy of the superficial back muscles – their attachments, innervations and functions. The superficial back muscles are situated underneath the skin and superficial fascia. They originate from the vertebral column and attach to the bones of the shoulder – the clavicle, scapula and humerus. All these muscles are therefore associated with movements of the upper limb. The muscles in this group are the trapezius, latissimus dorsi, levator scapulae and the rhomboids. The trapezius
Scoliosis affects thousands of people around the world, but there are many ways for people to get the proper treatment. While they cannot cure the condition, there are plenty of exercises people can do at home that can help improve their health and well-being. We love to share the importance of exercise and people find relief from their pain, so we are sharing these simple tricks to help deal with this spinal distress. 1. Pelvic tilt What to do: Lie down on while bending your knees and keeping your feet touching the floor. Tighten your stomach muscles and flatten your back. Hold this pose for 5 seconds and release. Do 2 sets of 10. What this does: Tightens muscles in the hips and lower back. 2. Arm and leg raises What to do: Lie on your stomach, keeping your forehead to the ground. Straighten your arms and legs. Raise one arm off the ground, while raising the opposite leg. If you are unable to do this, lift one appendage at a time. Hold the position for 2 full breath