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Anatomy of Back Muscles

  The muscles of the back can be divided into three groups – superficial, intermediate and deep: Superficial  – associated with movements of the shoulder. Intermediate  – associated with movements of the thoracic cage. Deep  – associated with movements of the vertebral column. The deep muscles develop embryologically in the back, and are thus described as  intrinsic  muscles. The superficial and intermediate muscles do not develop in the back, and are classified as  extrinsic  muscles. This article is about the anatomy of the superficial back muscles – their attachments, innervations and functions. The superficial back muscles are situated underneath the skin and superficial fascia. They originate from the vertebral column and attach to the bones of the shoulder – the clavicle, scapula and humerus. All these muscles are therefore associated with movements of the upper limb. The muscles in this group are the trapezius, latissimus dorsi, levator scapulae and the rhomboids. The trapezius
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How to use Pulse Oximeter: Step-by-step guide



The pulse oximeter is used to measure the oxygen level (oxygen saturation) of the blood. A pulse oximeter is useful for estimating blood oxygen levels. It uses light beams to estimate the oxygen saturation of the blood and the pulse rate. Oxygen saturation gives information about the amount of oxygen carried in the blood. The pulse oximeter can estimate the amount of oxygen in the blood without having to draw a blood sample.

The government shared a step-by-step guideline on how to use the pulse oximeter on its Twitter handle. Oximeter plays a role only in giving a clue that the patient is otherwise normal, but he has a sudden drop in the oxygen level.

Take a look here at the step-by-step guide to use a pulse oximeter.

Here is how to use a Pulse Oximeter: 

Step 1: Remove any nail polish/false nails & warm your hand if cold.

Step 2: Rest for at least 5 minutes before taking your measurement.

Step 3: Rest your hand on your chest at heart level & hold it still.

Step 4: Switch on the oximeter & place it on your middle or index finger.

Step 5: The reading takes time to steady, Keep the oximeter in place for at least a minute or longer if the reading is not stable. 

Step 6: Record the highest result once it has not changed for 5 seconds.

Step 7: Identify each reading carefully.

Step 8: Start recording from baseline & record three times a day at the same time. Take extra measures if you feel a change in your health.

Note: Call 1075 if you:

  • Feel seriously ill.
  • Are unable to complete short sentences, while resting, due to breathlessness.
  • Your oxygen level is 92% or less.



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Anatomy of Back Muscles

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