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Anatomy of Back Muscles

  The muscles of the back can be divided into three groups – superficial, intermediate and deep: Superficial  – associated with movements of the shoulder. Intermediate  – associated with movements of the thoracic cage. Deep  – associated with movements of the vertebral column. The deep muscles develop embryologically in the back, and are thus described as  intrinsic  muscles. The superficial and intermediate muscles do not develop in the back, and are classified as  extrinsic  muscles. This article is about the anatomy of the superficial back muscles – their attachments, innervations and functions. The superficial back muscles are situated underneath the skin and superficial fascia. They originate from the vertebral column and attach to the bones of the shoulder – the clavicle, scapula and humerus. All these muscles are therefore associated with movements of the upper limb. The muscles in this group are the trapezius, latissimus dorsi, levator scapulae and the rhomboids. The trapezius

Celebrating Doctors Day: Honoring the Lifesaving Heroes


Doctors are the guardians of our health, tirelessly working day and night to heal, comfort, and save lives. Every year on Doctors Day, we come together to honor these remarkable individuals and express our gratitude for their unwavering dedication to the well-being of humanity. This article pays tribute to doctors worldwide, highlighting their invaluable contributions, sacrifices, and the profound impact they have on our lives.

  1. Lifesavers and Healing Hands

Doctors are often described as modern-day superheroes, and for good reason. They possess the knowledge, skills, and compassion necessary to diagnose and treat a wide range of illnesses and injuries. Whether it's a routine check-up, a complex surgery, or a medical emergency, doctors are at the forefront, providing critical care and saving lives. Their healing hands bring hope, comfort, and relief to patients and their families, making a profound difference in times of crisis.

  1. A Lifetime of Learning and Expertise

Becoming a doctor is a lifelong commitment to learning. It takes years of rigorous education, extensive training, and continuous professional development to acquire the expertise needed to practice medicine. Doctors dedicate countless hours to studying, researching, and staying up to date with the latest medical advancements. They invest not only in their own knowledge but also in the well-being of their patients, ensuring that they receive the best possible care based on evidence-based medicine.

  1. Compassionate Care and Empathy

While doctors possess medical knowledge and technical skills, it is their compassion and empathy that truly sets them apart. They not only treat physical ailments but also provide emotional support to patients and their families during difficult times. Doctors have the unique ability to listen, understand, and empathize, which helps build trust and foster a healing environment. Their reassuring presence and words of encouragement offer solace and strength to patients, inspiring hope and resilience.

  1. Tireless Advocates for Health

Doctors not only treat individual patients but also play a crucial role in advocating for public health on a larger scale. They engage in research, contribute to medical advancements, and work tirelessly to develop new treatments and protocols. Additionally, doctors educate the public about preventive measures, promote healthy lifestyles, and raise awareness about diseases and their risk factors. They are champions of health equity, striving to ensure that everyone has access to quality healthcare, regardless of their socioeconomic background.

  1. Sacrifice and Commitment

The journey of a doctor is not an easy one. It requires sacrifice and unwavering commitment. Doctors often spend long hours at work, sacrificing personal time and family commitments to be there for their patients. They face immense pressure, make difficult decisions, and navigate emotionally challenging situations. Despite the physical and emotional toll, doctors persevere, driven by their passion for healing and their dedication to their patients.

Conclusion

Doctors Day is a special occasion to honor and appreciate the extraordinary contributions of doctors worldwide. Their selfless dedication, compassion, and expertise have a profound impact on individuals, families, and communities. On this day, let us express our heartfelt gratitude to these lifesaving heroes who go above and beyond to heal, comfort, and improve lives. Let us recognize their sacrifices and support their tireless efforts to create a healthier and more compassionate world. To all the doctors, we thank you for your unwavering commitment and for being the epitome of humanity's hope and healing. 

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Anatomy of Back Muscles

  The muscles of the back can be divided into three groups – superficial, intermediate and deep: Superficial  – associated with movements of the shoulder. Intermediate  – associated with movements of the thoracic cage. Deep  – associated with movements of the vertebral column. The deep muscles develop embryologically in the back, and are thus described as  intrinsic  muscles. The superficial and intermediate muscles do not develop in the back, and are classified as  extrinsic  muscles. This article is about the anatomy of the superficial back muscles – their attachments, innervations and functions. The superficial back muscles are situated underneath the skin and superficial fascia. They originate from the vertebral column and attach to the bones of the shoulder – the clavicle, scapula and humerus. All these muscles are therefore associated with movements of the upper limb. The muscles in this group are the trapezius, latissimus dorsi, levator scapulae and the rhomboids. The trapezius

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FRENKEL EXERCISES

Frenkel Exercises are a series of motions of increasing difficulty performed by ataxic patients to facilitate the restoration of coordination.  Frenkel's exercises are used to bring back the rhythmic, smooth and coordinated movements. Dr. H S Frenkel was a physician from Switzerland who aimed at establishing voluntary control of movement by the use of any part of the sensory mechanism which remained intact, notably sight, sound and touch, to compensate for the loss of kinaesthetic sensation.  Frenkel Exercises were originally developed in 1889 to treat patients of tabes dorsalis and problems of sensory ataxia owing to loss of proprioception. These exercises have been applied in the treatment of individuals with ataxia, in particular cerebellar ataxia. The exercises are performed in supine, sitting, standing and walking. Each activity is performed slowly with the patient using vision to carefully guide correct movement. These exercises require a high degree of me